Process of making a longitudinally-apertured body.



PATENTED JULY 2l W. E. LUDLUM. PRocBss 0F MAKING A LONGITUDINALLYAPERTURED BODY.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 10, 1906.

l (oc maw:

WILLIAM E. LUDLUM, OF POMPTON, NEW JERSEY.

PROCESS` OF MAKING A LONGITUDINALLY-APERTURED BODY.

T 0 all 'whom it may concern.'

'. Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. LUDLUM,

a citizen of thewUnited States, residing at Pompton, in the county ofPassaic and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improved Process ofMaking a Longitudinally-Apertured Body, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates .to a process of mak-y ing a longitudinallyapertured body, and in carrying out the same I first provide the ingotof metal or that part thereof from which the body desired is to berolled, with a longitudinal hole or.bore,-then the ingot'or theaforesaid part thereof is heated to the required temperature for rollingthe same; next a metal bar Aor rod relatively cold is in-k serted in thehole in the heated ingot, then the ingot and its bar or core are rolledand so reduced to the desired dimensions and then a tensile stressis laplied to the said rod, sufficient to strain t e same beyond its elasticlimit, whereuponb the said rod comes away, leaving a bore in the metalybar of substan.

tially the same sectional area as that of the rod before the stress wasap lied,-as Will .be

lhereinafter moreparticular y described.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a metallic ingotprovided with 1a central longitudinal bore. Fig. 2 is a perspective viewof a ortion of an ingot provided with a central Ion itudinal hole `inwhich a metallic core has een placed. Fi 3 is a perspective view of ametal bar roll)r d from an ingot or a portionfthereof. Fig. 4 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 3, showinv one end of the bar completely brokeny off anthe other end of the bar severed, and Fig. 5V is a view showingthe metalbar and the severed end thereof in the jaws of the device by whichtension may be a plied to the metallic core of the bar.

Accor ing .to In present invention, I employ aningot in icated at aandprovided with a central longitudinal hole or bore b and as will beunderstood, the ingot a may be of any desired conformation and the boreb be of any required shape and made in the ingot by drilling, punchin orany, other manner known to the art. tion thereof as indicated at a',Fig. 2, is next heated to Ithe temperature re uired for rolling, afterwhich and before eing rolled a rod c Whose surface ispreferably coatedwith l a thin layer ofclay or other similar material, is passedrelatively cold into theo ening b in the ingot a or the portion a thereo`thecoatj SpecificationV of Letters Patent. Application filed December10, 1906. Serial No. 347,132.

his ingot'al or any por-v Patented July 21, 1908.

ing of clay or other similar material bein preferably employed toprevent an absolute i union between the hot metal of the ingot and thecolder metal rod c. It will be understood however that this coating maybe dispensed with in certain instances and moreover that the rod c ismade to conform approximately with the shape of the bore b, in the ingota.

The heated ingot a with the rod c inserted in the bore b therein, isnext passed through the necessary rolls to'reducev and extend the sameto the desired form, which for example, is

that shown in Fig. 3,-which produces thel bar d. Now due to the dierencein temperature between the ingot a and the bar'c, those 'ortions c ofthe bar which extend beyond the ends of the ingot will not be reduced bythe'rolling to the same extent or porportionately to the central portionof the rod c, and hence between the extremities of the rod c and thecentral portion thereof and immediately within the ends of the ingot,there will be slight outwardly flaring portions c2 in the rod c. orcompletely broken ofl and thereafter the Oneend d of the bar d is next'cutopposite end d2 of the bar is severed or '1 broken throu h. The endd with that ortion of the ro c therein is completely bro en olf on thedotted line 11 Fi 3, sufficiently distant from the end of the artodispose of the iiared portion c of the rod c .therein while the oppositeend d2 ofthe bar is severed comlpletely through ,as indicated on theline 12 9o 1g. 4, which is also Within the flared gprtion c of the rodat this end ofthe bar. he

parts hereinbefore described are then in'the g condition indicated inFig. 4, whereupon thel bard and the end d2 thereof are gripped m thejaws e of any suitable device which is `adapted to have the jawsseparated and so place a tensile strain on the rod c; such tensilestrain is now applied to the rodc by separating the me e, and incarrying out this invention, t tensile stress must besufli'- cient tostrain the rod c beyond its elastic limit, which as will be readilyunderstood, produces a material reduction in 'cross secl where the rod centers the cracked portion of the bar on the line 12 tothe o poslte endof the bar, as is indicated by the otted line 13, Fig. 5, whereupon aswill also be understood, the rod c comes away from the bar d.

It will b'e apparent that inasmuch as 'the ingotV a and t e rod cpassing' 'through the same, are `placed together when their temtionwhich acts progressively from thepoint peratures are at the extremes andso rolled that the reduction in cross section and the consequentelongation of these arts Will not be strictly proportional, and a sothat inasmuch as that art of the rod c Within the severed end d2 o thetbar is of materially larger cross section than that portion of the rodc within the bar d, it will be apparent that the rod when the tensilestress is lacedthereon, will always come away from t e bar d rather thanfrom the broken away end d2 thereof, and for this reason it isnecessaryto completely break off the end d of the bar and the rod therein.

I claim as my invention:A

1. The herein described process of making a longitudinally apertured bodconsisting in utilizing' an ingot having a ho e therein for 4 a blank,inserting a rod in the hole in the ingot, reducing the ingot while in aheated conition to a body of the required cross section, then completelybreaking oli one end of the body and rod at an appreciable distancefrom. the end, and then withdrawin y the metal rod by a tensile stresstransmitted thereto.v

2. The herein described rocess of making a longitudinally aperture bodyconsisting in uti izing an ingot having a hole therein for a blank,heating said ingot, inserting a rod in the hole in the ingot, reducingthe ingot while in the heated condition to a body ofthe required crosssection, then com letelyv severing one end of the body and rodi? thencom.- pletely severing the other end of the body,

and then withdrawing the metal rod from the main portion of the body bya stress which is transmitted to said rod by clamping members whichpress against the severed end portion of the body.

Signed by me this 30th day of Nov. 1906. 40

WM. E. LUDLUM. Witnesses:

GEORGE R. CosNER, RICHARD D. HENDRIoKsoN.

